GUILLAIN-BARRÉ SYNDROME: CAUSES, EPIDEMIOLOGY, IMMUNOPATHOGENIC MECHANISMS, DIAGNOSIS, EVALUATION, DIFFERENTIAL AND TREATMENT

Introduction: Guillain-Barre syndrome is an uncommon, yet potentially fatal, immune-mediated disease affecting peripheral nerves and nerve roots that commonly generated by infections. Recent studies have shown a strong relationship between SARS-CoV-2, making SARS-CoV-2 potential trigger for GBS. Objective: to detail the current information related syndrome, causes, epidemiology, immunopathogenic mechanisms, diagnosis, evaluation, differential treatment. Methodology: total of 42 articles were analyzed in this review, including review original articles, as well clinical cases, which 33 bibliographies used because other not relevant study. The sources PubMed, Google Scholar Cochrane; terms search Spanish, Portuguese English were: Guillain-Barre, nerves, roots, epidemics, inflammatory nervous system. Results: Approximately 70% affected individuals show signs previous illness 1 6 weeks before debut syndrome. GBS post influenza infection up 7 times more likely than post-vaccine reviewed indicate latter being Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shows classic pattern albuminocytologic dissociation. Generally, most with present good prognosis, about 85 % those independent ambulation recovery; however, significant morbidity present. Conclusions: can become difficult diagnose treat, its manifestations are heterogeneous. Treatment be challenging during periods infectious outbreaks, seen Zika virus epidemics. Since all labeled positive antiganglioside antibodies, quality research needed clarify role antibodies secondary origin or phenomenon. In proportion evolution scientific knowledge management prognosis improving time. KEYWORDS: guillain-barre, GBS, neuropathy, immune-mediated, postinfectious.